مولفه های کانونی چرخش راهبردی آمریکا به سوی شرق آسیا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 گروه مطالعات منطقه ای، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22080/jpir.2025.25938.1346

چکیده

چرخش ایالات متحده به سوی آسیا، راهبردی است که ایالات متحده آمریکا در دوره اوباما در پیش گرفت و مشخصاً در سال 2011 اعلام شد. با توجه به رشد اقتصادی فوق‌العاده چین و تهدیداتی که این کشور در شرق آسیا به لحاظ نظامی و اقتصادی متوجه منافع آمریکا مینمود، اوباما تلاش کرد توجه و منابع آمریکا را به سوی آسیاـپاسفیک به طور عام و شرق آسیا به طور خاص معطوف کند. نقطه کانونی رویکرد آمریکا مهار و مدیریت قدرت رو به تزاید چین در حوزه‌های سیاسی، اقتصادی و امنیتی بود. اگرچه به این موضوع زیادی پرداخته شده، اما از منظر اقتصاد سیاسی بین الملل و جایی که برخی جنبه های اقتصادی، ارزش سیاسی (دفاعی و امنیتی) والایی دارد و در تعیین موقعیت قدرت این دو رقیب مهم هست، توجه چندانی نشده است. با توجه به این نقطه ضعف که میتواند اهمیت موضوع را بسیار کاهش دهد، مقاله کنونی در پی بررسی نقش یکپارچه و همزمان مولفه های کانونی در چرخش راهبردی آمریکا به سوی شرق آسیا است. به عبارتی، این مؤلفه ها ترکیبی از مؤلفه های سیاسی و اقتصادی اند که تا کنون عمدتاً جداگانه دیده شده و کمتر به صورت ترکیبی یا یکپارچه و همزمان در نظر گرفته شده اند. این مقاله به تأثیر از نظریه ثبات هژمونیک که مورد توجه عمده نظریه پردازان در این رابطه بوده، به بررسی این مؤلفه ها میپردازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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