Document Type : Original Article
Author
Department of International Relations, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch
Abstract
The events in the Middle East region, especially after the fall of Saddam Hussein, caused the existing order in the region to collapse.The coincidence of the arrival of Shia parties in Iraq with events such as the 33-day war and the developments in Lebanon has caused the term Shia crescent to become popular among the Sunni sheikhdoms of the region. They are extremely afraid of the collapse of the interactions in which Shia Iran plays a role and they seek to maintain their position. In the framework of neo-realism and in a descriptive-analytical way, this article intends to answer the question of what opportunities and challenges the Shiite crescent project can have for Iran. Increasing the motivation of the Shiites in the region to play an active role, the appointment of Shiites in the executive bodies of Arab countries that defend Iran and the increase of the Shiite population, increasing the geopolitical role and becoming a regional hegemon, playing a role in military interactions, especially after the fight against ISIS. Among the opportunities that exist for Iran, as well as challenges, such as the spread of Iranophobia and the creation of tension between Sunni and Shia, the arms race of the Persian Gulf Council countries, the increase in tension with Saudi Arabia, the tension with Israel, the increase in hostility between Iran and America in the region. It is one of the dangers that Iran is facing in its activity in the form of the Shiite crescent.
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